Effects of sodium butyrate on asthma in aged and young mice / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To compare the effects of sodium butyrate(Sob)on aged and young asthmatic mice.Methods:Male C57BL/6 mice aged 24 months(n=18)and 4 months(n=18)were divided using randomly generated numbers into 3 groups: a control group, a model group(treated with ovalbumin, OVA), and a treatment group(OVA+ Sob), with 6 mice in each group.The control group was given normal saline as the blank control.Two days before the OVA challenge, the treatment group was given 1 mg/g Sob by intraperitoneal injections and the OVA+ Sob group and the control group were given normal saline intervention.Endpoint evaluation was performed 1 day after the last challenge.Differences in airway hyperresponsiveness(AHR), pathological manifestations of lung tissue sections stained with hematoxylin eosin(HE), and inflammatory factors in lung tissues were compared between aged and young mice and the effects of Sob on asthmatic mice of different ages were evaluated.Results:Under the stimulation of methacholine(Mch), AHR of the O-OVA group was significantly higher than that of the Y-OVA group(6.250 g/L: 276.28±113.62 vs.103.02±19.55, t=3.368, P=0.026; 12.500 g/L: 457.5±157.29 vs.114.76±20.28, t=4.338, P=0.022; 25.000 g/L: 1113.16±256.98 vs.567.87±187.34, t=3.538, P=0.009). HE staining revealed that, compared with the Y-control group, the O-control group exhibited a reduced area of alveolar cavity, partial lung consolidation, proliferation of interstitial fibrous connective tissues, alveolar epithelial cells and capillary endothelial cells.Compared with its control group, the O-OVA group had significantly elevated levels of eotaxin( P=0.035), IL-17A( P=0.004)and IL-1β( P=0.001), among the inflammatory factors, whereas the Y-OVA group had elevated levels of eotaxin( P=0.001), IL-17A( P=0.001), IL-4( P=0.004), KC( P=0.012)and IL-1β( P<0.001). Compared with the O-OVA group, the Y-OVA group had increased levels of IL-4( Z=2.882, P=0.004)but decreased levels of IL-1β( t=2.728, P=0.020). As for the effects of Sob on asthmatic mice of different ages, AHR of the O-OVA+ Sob group was significantly alleviated with stimulation of 12.500 g/L Mch( P=0.015)and 25 g/L Mch( P=0.014), compared with the O-OVA group.With stimulation of 3.125 g/L Mch, AHR of the Y-OVA+ Sob group was significantly decreased( P=0.021)and levels of IL-4( P=0.004)and IL-1β( P=0.014)were significantly reduced in the Y-OVA+ Sob group, compared with the Y-OVA group. Conclusions:The severity of asthma in aged mice is greater than in young mice, perhaps as a result of different immunophenotypes; The alleviating effects of Sob on inflammatory factors in young asthmatic mice may be related to mild AHR in young asthmatic mice, compared with aged asthmatic mice.

The clinicopathologic parameters and prognostic analysis of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the significance of different clinicopathologic features on prognosis of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of vulva.@*Methods@#We retrospectively analyzed the prognostic relevance of different clinicopathological variables of 201 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of vulva treated in Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. The data including age, initial symptoms, stage, location, tumor size, histological grade, number and size of metastatic lymph nodes, treatment mode, and presence of leukoplakia vulva was used to evaluate the prognosis of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma.@*Results@#The median age of onset was 62.0 years old, with 74 patients in stage Ⅰ, 27 in stage Ⅱ, 55 in stage Ⅲ and 9 in stage Ⅳ. The median progression-free survival was 90.0 months. The 5-year progression-free survival rate of the total patients was 55.5%, while the 10-year progression-free survival rate was 48.5%. Univariate analysis showed statistically significant prognostic parameters included clinical stage, number of metastatic lymph nodes, tumor size and treatment mode (all P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that number of metastatic lymph nodes (P<0.05) was an independent prognostic factor for progression-free survival.@*Conclusion@#The study illustrates that number of metastatic lymph nodes represents important independent factor for progression-free survival of patients with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma.

Relationship between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene 677C / T, 1298A / C SNP and lung cancer / 中国综合临床

Objective To explore the relationship between MTHFR gene polymorphism and lung cancer in Han population of Heilongjiang Province.Methods Two hundred and twenty-five lung cancer patients were selected as the experimental group and the healthy subjects in the outpatient physical examination as the control group,A case-control study was used to analyze the association of MTHFR gene 677C/T,1298A/C SNP and lung cancer,and the gene typing was detected by Sanger double deoxidization chain termination method.Results In the control group,the frequencies of wild-type CC,mutant heterozygote CT,and homozygous TT genotypes of the MTHFR gene C677T were 34.2％,55.1％,and 10.7％,respectively.The frequencies of the three genotypes in the experimental group were 26.7％,50.2％,23.1％,respectively.The difference in the distribution of C677T SNP genotype frequencies of the experimental group and the control group was statistically significant (P =0.002),in which the mutation homozygous TT carriers were 2.78 times more likely to develop lung cancer than wild-type CC (OR(95％CI):2.78 (1.54 ～ 5.02),P =0.001);AA,AC and CC genotype frequencies ofthe A1298C locus of the MTHFR gene were 34.2％,55.1％,and 10.7％,respectively,and the control group was 64.0％.32.0％,4.0％,there was no significant difference between the two groups (P =0.247).The frequencies of AA,AC and CC genotypes in the A1298C locus of the MTHFR gene were 34.2％,55.1％,and 10.7％,respectively,and 64.0.％,32.0％,and 4.0％ in the control group,respectively.There was no significant difference between the two groups (P).=0.247).The haploid analysis showed that the distribution frequency of TA haplotype in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (43.1％ vs.35.3％).There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (OR(95％CI):1.39 (1.06-1.81),P=0.016);while the frequencies of CC haplotypes in the experimental group and the control group were 10.6％ and 17.1％,respectively.The difference was statistically significant (OR(95％CI):0.58 (0.39-0.85).P=0.005).There was a linkage disequilibrium between the two points of MTHFR gene 677 and 1298 (D'=0.48,P=0.003).The gene-environment interaction analysis of the MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism showed that based on the comparison between TT and CC genotype,age over 60 (OR(95％CI):4.0(1.78-9.32),P =0.001),male (OR (95％CI):5.55 (2.10-14.67),P=0.000),smoking (OR(95％CI):8.13 (2.29-28.85),P=0.000) and small cell lung cancer (OR (95％CI):1.28 (1.10-1.44),P=0.000) can increase the risk of lung cancer;based on the comparison between CT and CC genotype,women (OR(95％CI):2.09 (1.05-4.16),P=0.030),non-smoking population (OR(95％CI):2.43 (1.25-4.74),P=0.008) and small cell lung cancer (OR (95％ CI):0.31 (1.16-1.59),P =0.000) can increase the risk of lung cancer.Conclusion MTHFR gene C677T is a genetic susceptibility gene for lung cancer and is associated with the risk of lung cancer.

Effect of N-acetyl cysteine pathway on expression of intermediate conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels in cardiac fibroblasts of AGT-REN double transgenic hypertension mice / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the level of oxidative stress and the expression of intermediate conductance calcium activated potassium channel (KCa3.1) protein in the cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) during hypertension process,and to clarify the role of KCa3.1 in cardiac fibrosis and its mechanism.Methods:The CFs of male C57B6 and AGT-REN double transgenic hypertension (dTH) mice were cultured and the wild C57B6 mouse CFs were used as control group.The CFs of dTH mice were randomly divided into high blood pressure group (dTH) and N-acetyl cysteine group (NAC).The CFs were treated with different concentrations of NAC for 24 h.The cell proliferation was detected by MTT and double dichlorofluorescein (DCFH-DA) probe was used for the detection of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression;Western blotting was employed to detect the expressions of collagen Ⅰ,collagen Ⅲ,Kca3.1 channel protein and the changes of PI3K signaling pathway protein phosphorylation.Results:The ROS production and protein expression of Kca3.1 channel of the dTH mice on 4,8,12 months were increased compared with 2 months (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01);the results of MTT suggested that the proliferation rates of CFs were 165.9％,138.72％,110.92％ and 109.82％ after administration of 1×10-6,1× 10 5,1× 10 4 and 1 × 10-3 mol · L-1 NAC in the dTH mice,and 1 × 10-4 and 1 × 10 3 mol · L-1 NAC significantly inhibited the proliferation of CFs.Compared with control group,the secretion of collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ of CFs in the TH mice was decreased in 1 × 10-4 mol · L-1 NAC group (P＜0.01).The results of Western blotting showed that compared with control group,the expression level of Kca3.1 channel protein in CFs of the TH mice in 1 × 10-4 mol · L-1 NAC group was decreased (P＜0.01).Compared with control group,the p-AKT/T-AKt in CFs of the dTH mice was increased (P＜0.01);but in NAC group,the p-AKT/T-AKt was lower than that in dTH group (P＜0.01).Conclusion:NAC can inhibit the expression of KCa3.1 channel protein in CFs of the dTH hypertensive mice,which may be related to increasing the phosphorylation of AKt/PI3K signaling pathway.

Effect of N-acetyl cysteine pathway on expression of intermediate conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels in cardiac fibroblasts of AGT-REN double transgenic hypertension mice / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the level of oxidative stress and the expression of intermediate conductance calcium activated potassium channel (KCa3.1) protein in the cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) during hypertension process,and to clarify the role of KCa3.1 in cardiac fibrosis and its mechanism.Methods:The CFs of male C57B6 and AGT-REN double transgenic hypertension (dTH) mice were cultured and the wild C57B6 mouse CFs were used as control group.The CFs of dTH mice were randomly divided into high blood pressure group (dTH) and N-acetyl cysteine group (NAC).The CFs were treated with different concentrations of NAC for 24 h.The cell proliferation was detected by MTT and double dichlorofluorescein (DCFH-DA) probe was used for the detection of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression;Western blotting was employed to detect the expressions of collagen Ⅰ,collagen Ⅲ,Kca3.1 channel protein and the changes of PI3K signaling pathway protein phosphorylation.Results:The ROS production and protein expression of Kca3.1 channel of the dTH mice on 4,8,12 months were increased compared with 2 months (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01);the results of MTT suggested that the proliferation rates of CFs were 165.9％,138.72％,110.92％ and 109.82％ after administration of 1×10-6,1× 10 5,1× 10 4 and 1 × 10-3 mol · L-1 NAC in the dTH mice,and 1 × 10-4 and 1 × 10 3 mol · L-1 NAC significantly inhibited the proliferation of CFs.Compared with control group,the secretion of collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ of CFs in the TH mice was decreased in 1 × 10-4 mol · L-1 NAC group (P＜0.01).The results of Western blotting showed that compared with control group,the expression level of Kca3.1 channel protein in CFs of the TH mice in 1 × 10-4 mol · L-1 NAC group was decreased (P＜0.01).Compared with control group,the p-AKT/T-AKt in CFs of the dTH mice was increased (P＜0.01);but in NAC group,the p-AKT/T-AKt was lower than that in dTH group (P＜0.01).Conclusion:NAC can inhibit the expression of KCa3.1 channel protein in CFs of the dTH hypertensive mice,which may be related to increasing the phosphorylation of AKt/PI3K signaling pathway.

Changes of lung AT1R and Mas receptor protein expression in lung tissue of mice with lung injury after limb ischemia-reperfusion / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To explore the role of imbalance of local renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in lung injury by observing the changes of angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor (AT1R) and Mas receptor protein expression in the lung and the degree of lung injury subject to limb ischemia-reperfusion (LIR) in the mice.METHODS: Male ICR mice (n=42, 8 weeks old) were randomly assigned into 7 groups (6 in each group), including control group and 6 model groups with LIR of 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h and 12 h reperfusion.Tourniquets were used to block the blood flow of the hind limbs of the ICR mice and were released after 2 h ischemia to initiate reperfusion.The mice were sacrificed by eyeball blood withdrawal at different time points after reperfusion.The organ coefficient and wet/dry weight ratio (W/D) of the lung tissue were calculated.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was taken for cell counting and protein concentration measurement.The histopathological changes of the lung tissues was observed, and the pathological score was calculated.The protein expression of AT1R and Mas receptor in the lung tissues was determined by Western blot.RESULTS: The organ coefficient, W/D of lung tissue, and cell number and protein concentration in BALF of model groups were significantly higher than those in control group after LIR.The pathological changes were found in the lung tissue of model mice, including alveolar capillary dilation and congestion, edema, inflammatory cell infiltration in peripheral vascular, alveolar and bronchial walls, alveolar septal thickening and inflammatory cell infiltration.The lung injury score was elevated gradually along with the extension of reperfusion time.The protein expression of AT1R began to increase at reperfusion time points of 0.5 h and 1 h.With the extension of reperfusion time, the protein expression of AT1R decreased gradually.Conversely, the protein expression of Mas receptor increased gradually with prolonged reperfusion.CONCLUSION: LIR induces acute lung injury gradually.The imbalance of AT1R and Mas receptor expression may be involved in the damage process.

Clinical significance of serum sphingosine-1-phosphate level in patients with acute attack of bronchial asthma / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Objective To observe the changes of serum sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) level in acute attack of adult bronchial asthma (simplified as asthma) and explore its clinical significance in the pathogenesis of the disease.Methods Forty-five patients of outpatient and hospitalized admitted to the Department of Respiratory Medicine in First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University from November 2015 to July 2016 were arranged to an asthma group;in thc samc period,25 healthy peoples in our hospital having passed physical examination were chosen and assigned in a healthy control group.Serum S1P levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the subjects,the differences of pulmonary function indexes,the percentage of 1 second forced expiratory volume (FEV1)in predicted FEV1 value,FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio were compared between the two groups,and the correlations between FEV1％,FEV1/FVC and S1P level were analyzed by Pearson analysis.Results The level of S1P in serum of asthma group was significantly higher than that of the healthy control group (μmol/L:1.90 ± 0.32 vs.0.89 ± 0.17,P ＜ 0.01),the levels of FEV1％,FEV1/FVC were significantly lower in the asthma group than those in healthy control group [FEV1％:(68.26 ±22.83)％ vs.(97.46 ± 10.44)％,FEV1/FVC:0.69 ±0.13 vs.0.82 ±0.05,both P ＜ 0.01].In the asthma group,the levels of FEV1％,FEV1/FVC were negatively correlated to the serum S1P level (r =-0.801 and -0.648,both P ＜ 0.01).While the levels of FEV1％,FEV1/FVC were not correlated to the serum S1P level in the healthy control group (r =-0.048 and 0.183,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The serum S1P is increased significantly in patients with asthma,and it being an important inflammatory mediator may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of asthma.

Current situation of evidence-based bibliotherapy and its strategies / 中华医学图书情报杂志

The application of evidence-based medicine in bibliotherapy is defined as evidence-based bibliothera-py.After a description of the connotation, role and significance of bibliotherapy, and foreign and domestic studies on it, the problems in domestic bibliotherapy were pointed out with measures put forward for their solution, and the implementation of bibliotherapy was normalized in view of its methodology.

Feasibility and Safety of Ventricular Pacing Through Coronary Sinus Comparing with Traditional Right Ventricular Pacing / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To study the feasibility and safety of coronary sinus (CS) ventricular pacing comparing with traditional right ventricular (RV) pacing in ordinary pacing treatment.Methods Sixty-one patients with an indication of pacemaker implantation were randomized into traditional RV pacing group and CS ventricular pacing group.The success rate,complications,preoperative and postoperative QRS wave duration and pacemaker parameters were compared between the two groups.Results (1) The instant success rate in traditional RV pacing and the CS pacing groups were 100％ and 68.97％ (P＜0.01);the surgical success rate was significantly higher by using left ventricular electrode than the ventricle tined electrode in CS pacing group (85.71％ and 25％,P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (P＞0.05);(2) The increase of QRS complex width at postoperative 1 month in CS pacing group is significantly less than the RV pacing group (P＜0.05);(3) Although the pacing threshold and electrode impedance during operation,postoperative 1 month and 3 months in CS pacing group were higher than RV pacing group (P＜0.05),the CS pacing was effective.Conclusion The CS ventricular pacing is as safe and effective as traditional RV pacing,and is more consistent with physiological ventricular activation sequence.Using left ventricular electrode can significantly improve the success rate of CS ventricular pacing.

Co-words analysis-based hotspots in domestic MOOC studies / 中华医学图书情报杂志

High frequency key words in papers on MOOC were retrieved from CNKI and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform.A co-words matrix was constructed , which was then transformed into correlation matrix and dis-similarity matrix, respectively.The correlation matrix was analyzed by multidimensional scaling analysis to show the hotspots in domestic MOOC studies on teaching reform, open education, information technology, resource develop-ment, library service innovation and its development trends.

Computational fluid dynamic application in diagnosis and treatment of OSAHS / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

To apply more precise upper airway modeling and computer fluid dynamic technology, and simulate the upper airways of the fluid velocity, flow field distribution and pressure changes on 1 case of OSAHS patients before and after surgery. At home and abroad, computer fluid dynamic has been applied to research on human airway and predict curative effect before and after operation, but the study of the whole upper airway fluid physics parameter is less within normal people and sick people, more the lack of large sample research. The application of this technology can lay the foundation to establish normal people and sick people upper airways database, formulate normative operation and research process, the quantitative domestic normal population and pathological airway blocking criteria of each plane, develop a handling the precision of simulation software and the curative effect of surgical or medical treatment evaluation system, and open up the new train of thought of OSAHS patients diagnosis and treatment.

Quality Standard for Mongolia Drug Liangxue Shiwei San / 中国药师

Objective:To establish the identification method for Aucklandia Lappa and Picrorhiza kurrooa Royle ex Benth and the content determination of hydroxysaffor yellow A in Liangxue Shiwei San. Methods:The identification was carried out by TLC. The con-tent of hydroxysaffor yellow A was determined by HPLC. The column was Kormasil C18 (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm) and the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1. The mobile phase was methanol-0. 5% acetic acid (30∶70). The detection wavelength was 403 nm and the col-umn temperature was 25℃,and the sample size was 10 μl. Results:The TLC spots were clear with high resolution without interference from the negative sample. A good linearity of hydroxysaffor yellow A was within the range of 1.212-48.480μg·ml-1(r=0.999 8). The average recovery was 98. 13%(RSD=1. 6%,n=6). Conclusion:The established TLC and HPLC methods are simple and accu-rate with good reproducibility, which can be used in the quality control of Liangxue Shiwei San.

Clinical analysis and prognostic factors in 106 patients with stage Ia-IIb cervical cancer with pulmonary metastasis / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors for patients with stage Ia-IIb cervical cancer with pulmonary metastasis (CCMP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical information of 106 patients with stage Ia-IIb cervical cancer with lung metastases admitted in the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Cancer Hospital from January 1999 to June 2013 was collected. The efficacy of different therapeutic methods for lung metastases was compared and relevant prognostic factors were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Pulmonary metastases were detected in 89 (83.9%) out of a total of 106 patients within 2 years after initial treatment of cervical cancer. The median disease-free interval (DFI) of the 106 patients was 13 months. The median survival after CCMP was 18 months, with 2-year and 5-year survival rates of 37.7% and 7.5%, respectively. Metastases were mainly distributed in the inferior lobe of right lung. The surgical treatment was proven to be clinically effective in both unilateral and bilateral CCMP. The response rate was 60.2% in patients choosing non-operative treatment. The univariate analysis showed that pathological type of cervix carcinoma, low degree of differentiation, scope of pulmonary metastasis and whether CCMP simultaneously accompanied with other parts of recurrence were closely related to the prognosis, while the differentiation of cervical tumor was an independent prognostic factor drawn from multivariate regression analysis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Regular CT lung screening is recommended for patients with stage Ia-IIb cervical cancer during their follow-up period. Both operative and non-operative treatments are feasible therapeutic methods for CCMP. But surgical resection is strictly restricted to certain operative indications. Ia-IIb stage cervical cancer of low differentiation has poorer prognosis after lung metastasis.</p>

The study of the influence of olsalazine on tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-10 in patients with chronic ulcerative colitis / 中国医师进修杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of olsalazine on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in patients with chronic ulcerative colitis.MethodsSixty patients with chronic ulcerative colitis(observation group),including 22 chronic recurrent cases and 38 chronic persistent cases,were enrolled and treated with olsalazine.Meanwhile,60 healthy volunteers without disease history of ulcerative colitis were selected as control group.The concentrations of TNF- α and IL-10 in serum of the two groups were detected by ELISA and compared.ResultsBefore treatment,the concentration of TNF- α in serum of the observation group was significantly higher than that of control group [ (57.2 ± 10.1 )ng/L vs.(27.2 ± 6.9) ng/L],while IL-10 was significantly lower than that of control group[ (9.2 ± 2.1 ) ng/L vs.(17.3 ±2.9) ng/L] (P ＜0.05).Before treatment,the concentration of TNF-α in serum in chronic persistent patients and chronic recurrent patients[ (56.9 ± 9.9),(57.3 ± 9.7) ng/L ] were significantly higher than that in control group,and serum IL-10 in chronic persistent patients and chronic recurrent patients [ (9.1 ± 2.3 ),(8.4 ± 2.5 ) ng/L ] was significantly lower than that in control group (P＜ 0.05 ).The concentration of TNF- α in serum in observation group after treatment was obviously lower than that before treatment [(28.1 ±8.9) ng/L vs.(57.2 ± 10.1 ) ng/L],and IL-10 was obviously higher than that before treatment [(13.4 ± 10.7) ng/L vs.(9.2 ±2.1 )ng/L] (P ＜ 0.05).The concentration of serum TNF-αand IL-10 in chronic persistent and chronic recurrent patients before and after treatment had statistical significance (P＜0.05 ).ConclusionsOlsalazine can significantly decrease the concentration of TNF- α and increase the concentration of IL-10 in serum in patients with chronic ulcerative colitis.It is worthy of application in clinic.

Primary leiomyosarcoma of the vagina: a clinical analysis of 9 cases / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics,diagnoses,treatments and prognoses of vaginal leiomyosarcoma (LMS).Methods The clinical and pathological recordings of 9 patients suffering from vaginal leiomyosarcoma from January 1973 to May 2011 were analyzed retrospectively.Results The study group constituted 2.7％ (9/330) of all the malignant vaginal tumor admitted to our hospital in the same period.The major clinical manifestations were asymptomatic vaginal mass (3/9),bellyache and vaginal bleeding (2/9),vaginal pain (2/9),and difficulty in defecation (1/9) and micturition (1/9).Preoperative diagnosis was highly unreliable.Based on the sample chose,the diagnosis were made in 3 cases by preliminary biopsy before undertaking surgery,while 6 cases were confirmed shortly after simple tumor excision or unexpected recurrence.All the patients were pathologically confirmed diagnosis by tumor resection specimen or biopsy,5 cases of them were also confirmed by virtue of immunohistochemistry staining.All 9 patients,8 cases received initial surgery,four of them patients received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy,the remaining 1 patients received initial chemotherapy and radiotherapy.Follow-up was performed for all the 9 patients,of which 3 cases were lost,the median follow-up time was 50 months (range 7-134).Four patients underwent local recurrence and adjacent organ metastases within two years,with 5 years survival rate 4/9.Conclusions Primary vaginal leiomyosarcoma is a rare and difficult to diagnose preoperatively tumor.In this regard,It is strongly recommend preoperative biopsy for definitive diagnosis and perform surgery as the principal approach,in conjunction with radiotherapy or chemotherapy when needed to improve survival.

The prognostic factors for patients with stage Ⅰ_b cervical squamous cell carcinoma treated by radical hysterectomy and radiotherapy / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective To analyze the disease-free survival (DFS) and prognostic factors for stage Ⅰ_b cervical squamous cell carcinoma treated by radical hysterectomy. Methods From January 1999 to December 2005, a total of 206 patients with uterus cervical squamous cell carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were treated by type 3 hysterectomy and pelvic and/or para-aortic lymphadenectomy at Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. The diseases were stage Ⅰ_(B1) and Ⅰ_(B2)= in 103 patients each. Seventy-nine (76.7%) patients had preoperative radiotherapy and 111 (53. 9%) had postoperative adjuvant treatment (PosAT). Prognostic factors were analyzed using univariate model and multivariate Cox model. Results The follow-up rate was 92. 7%. 106 patients had following-up time of five years. The overall 5-year survival rate and the disease-free survival rate of stage Ⅰ_b,Ⅰ_(B1) and Ⅰ_(B2) were 96. 3% and 86. 8%, 100% and 94. 6%, 92. 2% and 77.9%, respectively. Univariate predictors of DFS included tumor size (FIGO stage, 77.9% : 94. 6% ; Χ~2 = 5. 58, P = 0. 018), lympho-vascular space involvement (LVSI, 74.6% : 89. 8% ; Χ~2 = 10. 44, P =0. 001), vaginal involvement (purely fornix involvement was not included disease, 50% : 87. 9% ; Χ~2 = 7.01,P = 0. 008), parametrial involvement (PI, Χ~2 = 17.69 ,P = 0. 000), and metastatic lymph nodes (LNM) > 2 (Χ~2 = 21.47, P = 0. 000) in stage Ⅰ_b disease, while LVSI (Χ~2 =6. 35,P =0. 012), PI (Χ~2 =90.00,P =0. 000) and LNM >2(Χ~2 =26. 27,P = 0. 000) in stage Ⅰ_(B1) disease, LVSI (Χ~2=10. 12,P =0. 001), cervical canal involvement (Χ~2 =4. 60,P = 0.032), vaginal involvement (Χ~2 =5.87,P=0.015), PI (Χ~2 =4.78,P=0.029) and LNM >2(Χ~2= 6. 72, P = 0. 010) in stage Ⅰ_(B2) disease. In multivariate analysis, FIGO stage (Χ~2 = 4. 73 ,P =0. 030), LVSI (Χ~2 = 9. 81, P = 0. 002), and LNM > 2 (Χ~2 = 6. 30, P = 0. 012) were significantly associated with DFS in stage Ⅰ_b, while LVSI (Χ~2 = 6. 38, P = O. 012) and LNM > 2 (Χ~2 = 3.92, P = 0. 048) were significantly associated with DFS in stage Ⅰ_(B2)-Conclusions LVSI is an important prognostic factor for stage Ⅰ_(B1) cervical cancer. PosAT reduces the recurrences in stage Ⅰ_(B2) desease. When PosAT is needed, preoperative radiotherapy can not improve DFS. PosAT should not be commonly used for stage Ⅰ_(B1) disease with only deep muscularis invasion.

Expression and clinical significance of HPSE, VEGF-C and D2-40 in thyroid carcinoma / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose: Thyroid carcinoma cells spread mainly through lymph node metastasis, and lymphangiogenesis plays an important role during the lymph node metastasis, but it is not very clear to understand the formation mechanism. This study was to investigate the correlative expressions of HPSE, VEGF-C, D2-40 and lymphangiogenesis in thyroid carcinoma. Methods: Immunohistochemistry SP method was used to detect the expressions of HPSE, VEGF-C and D2-40 in 77 patients with thyroid carcinoma including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC),medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), 32 of them with lymph node metastasis was enrolled into the study, D2-40 stained the lymphatic vessels, and lymphatic vessel density (LVD) was scanned under the light-microscope, and the correlation among the above indexes in different thyroid carcinoma types were analyzed respectively. Results: The expressions of HPSE, VEGF-C and D2-40 were observed to have a different degree in thyroid carcinoma, and the highest expression of the protein could be seen in the patients with papillary carcinoma (P<0.05),The expression ratios of HPSE,VEGF-C and D2-40 in different carcinoma types were 54.9%, 68.6%, 12.8±5.7 for PTC, 37.5%, 50%, 8.6±1.7 for FTC, 20% and 20%, 4.9±0.8 for MTC, respectively. There were significant different expressions of HPSE, VEGF-C and D2-40 between the patients with lymph node-positive group and node-negative group (P=0.014, P=0.048, respectively). In addition, the expressions of them were positively correlated (P<0.001, r=0.616). Conclusion: HPSE, VEGF-C and D2-40 have a close relationship with lymph node metastasis, HPSE and VEGF-C are related to the lymphangiogenesis.

Early plasma albumin and inflammatory factors changes in patients undergoing abdominal surgery / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To probe the changes of plasma albumin concentration and its correlation with that of blood inflammatory factors at the postoperative early stage in patients undergoing intraabdominal surgery. Methods From August 2008 to March 2009, 45 patients undergoing abdominal surgery were divided into three groups according to different types of operation with 15 cases in each group, cholecystectomy group( A), chole cystectomy plus common bile duct exploration group(B) and radical resection of alimentary duct maliguance group (C). Before the surgery and 12,24,48,72 h after operation, plasma albumin contentserum IL-6 and TNF-α concentration were measured. Results Postoperatively the content of plasma albumin did not change significantly in group A ( P ＞ 0.05 ), while that decreased after operation in group B and group C(P ＜0.01 ). The postoperative concentration of serum IL-6 and TNF-α increased in group A at 12, 24 h and 48 h after operation(P ＜0.01 ). In group B and group C IL-6 and TNF-α increased at all tested time point after operation ( P ＜ 0.01 ). The postoperative alterations of IL-6 and TNF-α were statistically different between the three groups at all time points(P ＜0.01 ). The content of plasma albumin was in a negative correlation with the concentration of IL-6 and TNF-α; ( r = - 0.376, P = 0.000; r =-0.772,P = 0.000). Conclusions The content of plasma albumin decreased at the early stage after major and moderate abdominal surgery. The content of plasma albumin was in a negative correlation with the concentration of inflammatory factors at the early stage after abdominal surgery.

The effects of moxibustion and electroacupuncture on the expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide in rats with spinal cord injury / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To explore the effects of moxibustion and electroacupuncture at points on the Du meridian on the expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide ( CGRP ) in rats with spinal cord injury ( SCI ).Methods Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into a normal control group, a SCI group, a moxibustion group and an electroacupuncture group. Rats in the latter three groups were subjected to spinal cord transection under a microscope. Moxibustion and electroacupuncture were administered to rats in those groups at points on the Du meridian daily for 3 days beginning on the 7th day after the operation, Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe any changes in the CGRP-positive area of the spinal cord's dorsal horn. Western blotting was used to detect changes in the content of CGRP in the spine. Results The CGRP-positive stained area of spinal cord's dorsal horn was significantly larger in the moxibustion and electroacupuncture groups than in the SCI group. CGRP content was also significantly higher. Any differences between the moxibustion and electroacupuncture groups were not significant. The CGRP-positive area and its content in the normal control group were not significantly different from those in the moxibustion and electroacupuncture groups. Conclusions Either moxibustion or electroacupuncture at points on the Du meridian can promote the expression of CGRP in rats after SCI. There is no significant difference between their effects.

Clinical analysis of 20 patients with vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To explore the clinical-pathologic characteristics, treatment modalities and prognosis of patients with vaginal intracpithelial neoplasia ( VAIN ). Methods The clinical, pathologic and follow-up data of 20 cases with vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia treated primarily in Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from Jan. 1999 to Dec. 2007, were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. Results There were not any of symptoms on diagnosis in all patients, and most of them ( 17 cases, 85% ) were frequently detected VAIN for the abnormal pap smears or pelvic examination from cervical carcinoma patients and under the colposcopy as well as colposcopic biopsies. There were 3 cases (15%) with cervical cancer were diagnosed as VAIN during the postoperative follow up, while 17 cases (85%) of patients were accompanied with cervical cancer( 12 eases) or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN, 5 cases ) concomitantly or antecedently. Ninety percent of patients were diagnosed as VAIN Ⅲ,17 cases (85%) were mainly localized in the upper third of vagina, and 13 cases (65%) affected to the multiple vaginal walls. Thirteen cases were performed surgery, and 7 cases were treated by irradiation. The local control rate was achieved to 100% in all of patients. Three cases ( included 1 post-irradiated and 2 post-operative) were relapsed after treatment, but still be controlled completely by radiotherapy or surgery. Conclusions VAIN was difficult to be diagnosed independently, which was frequently accompanied by cervical cancer or CIN, significantly localized in the upper third of vagina involving the multiple walls of vagina, and treated synchronously with cervical carcinoma and CIN accompanying. Surgery and radiotherapy was equally effective to control VAIN, and then follow-up post-treatment should be closely to detect, diagnose and treat recurrent VAIN as soon as possible after treatment.